Stress, Dietary Habit And Physical Activity Express Progression Of Metabolic Syndrome In Adult

Abstract

Background: Metabolic syndrome is an array of disorders characterized by dyslipidemia (Increased TG, and decreased HDL level in circulation), high blood pressure, abdominal obesity and Insulin Resistance. As multiple factors are involved in the onset and progression of this syndrome, it is vital to consider and evaluate those multi-array risk factors independently and in association with chronic diseases.

Objective: To evaluate the risk factors which are associated for progression of metabolic syndrome in young adults.

Methodology: This case-control study was conducted among adults of University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan during January 2015 to December 2015. The participants of this study were aged between 16 to 25 years. They were divided into two groups, Control and metabolic syndrome (MetS) subjects. International Diabetes Federation Criteria was used to diagnose Metabolic Syndrome in participants. Fasting Blood sample was taken for Fasting plasma glucose, Fasting plasma insulin, High density Lipoprotein, Triglyceride and Cholesterol estimation. Homeostatic Model Assessment Calculator version 2.2 was used for better understanding of Beta cell Function and Insulin sensitivity. Stress score was determined by Holmes Rahe Life Stress Inventory Scale, while data on Physical Activity Level and Food Intake were recorded through well-defined questionnaire. For statistical analysis, Pearson Chi square Test of independence, Independent t-test and Binary logistic Regression were used. P-Value <0.05 were used as significant.

Result: Anthropometric indices including body mass index and waist circumference were found to be significantly different among groups (p-value <0.05). FPG, HDL, TG, VLDL and stress score were significantly high, while Percent Beta, Percent Sensitivity were significantly low in MetS subjects. SBP, DBP, Pulse pressure, Pulse Rate, FPI, HOMA-IR, CHO and LDL were found to be insignificant. Large number of patients were consuming moderate to High level of fat subsisting a sedentary lifestyle. Stress, sedentary life style and fat consumption were shown as significant risk. While FPI and SBP were insignificant predictor of TG and FPG in MetS patients.

Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that, young adults of Pakistani population are at high risk of MetS due to involvement of Stress, Sedentary style of living and high amount of fat consumption. According to IDF criteria fluctuation of WC, FPG, TG and HDL level were found in patients. Along with significantly high BMI, VLDL and low Percent Beta, Percent Sensitivity were found as dominant characters which were altered in youngadults with MetS. No significant changes were observed in SBP and DBP in our result.