Evaluation of Sesame Seed Oil on Glucose, Lipid and Ovarian Biomarkers in Letrozole Induced PCOS Rats
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46568/bios.v6i1.226Keywords:
Endocrinology, Letrozole, PCOS, Sesame Seed Oil, Ovaries, GlucoseAbstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age. Despite its clinical significance, the etiology of PCOS remains poorly defined, and therapeutic strategies are limited. In recent years, bioactive natural compounds have emerged as potential alternatives for PCOS management. Sesame seed oil is recognized for its anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and anticancer properties. The present study evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of Sesamum indicum L. oil on metabolic and reproductive aspects in a rat model of letrozole-induced PCOS. This study was conducted on 24 female Wistar Albino rats. Rats were randomly divided into two groups; control (n=6) and experimental group (n=18). Rats in group II were administered with 1mg/kg of Letrozole for 21 days to establish the PCOS model. After 21 days, group II rats were further divided into 3 groups and the groups were labeled as letrozole, metformin (50mg/kg) and sesame oil (300mg/kg) group. Following treatment for 21 days, blood samples were collected for FPG, Insulin, HOMA, testosterone and lipid profile and ovarian tissues were excised for histomorphological changes. Administration of sesame seed oil restored regular estrous cyclicity and significantly reduced FBG and testosterone levels with an insignificant decrease in insulin and HOMA-IR. Moreover, it significantly improved TC, TG, and HDL-C, while there were no significant differences in LDL-C. Histopathological examination demonstrated a marked reduction in polycystic ovarian morphology, resembling normal ovarian architecture. The overall findings suggest that Sesame seed oil mitigates PCOS-associated pathophysiology by reestablishing hormonal homeostasis and ovarian function in letrozole-induced female rats.
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